纽约时报 | 你会使用ChatGPT吗？

People from all walks of life — students, coders, artists and accountants — are experimenting with how to use A.I. tools. Employers are posting jobs seeking people who are adept at using them. Pretty soon, if not already, you’ll have the chance to use A.I. to streamline and improve your work and personal life.

各行各业的人——学生、程序员、艺术家和会计师——都在试验如何使用人工智能工具。雇主们发布招聘信息寻找善于使用它们的人。如果你还没有使用人工智能来简化和改善你的工作和个人生活的话，你将很快有机会这样做。

As The Times’s personal tech columnist, I’m here to help you figure out how to use these tools safely and responsibly to improve many parts of your life.

作为时报的个人科技专栏作家，我会帮助你了解如何安全、负责任地使用这些工具来改善你生活的许多方面。

It turns out there’s an art to typing in the precise words and framing to generate the most helpful answers. I call these the golden prompts.

事实证明，输入准确的用词和表达以生成最有用的答案是一门学问。我称这些为黄金提示。

The people who are getting the most out of the chatbots have been using variants of these strategies:

那些充分利用聊天机器人的人一直在使用以下策略：

“Act as if.” Beginning your prompt with these magic words will instruct the bot to emulate an expert. For example, typing “Act as if you are a tutor for the SATs” or “Act as if you are a personal trainer” will guide the bots to model themselves around people in those professions.

“假装你是。”用这几个神奇的字作为提示的开头将指示机器人模仿专家。例如，输入“假装你是SAT的辅导师”或“假装你是私人教练”将引导机器人围绕这些职业的人建模。

These prompts provide additional context for the A.I. to generate its response. The A.I. doesn’t actually understand what it means to be a tutor or a personal trainer. Instead, the prompt is helping the A.I. to draw on specific statistical patterns in its training data.

这些提示为人工智能生成回应提供了额外的背景信息。人工智能实际上并不理解成为辅导师或私人教练意味着什么。但这样的提示是在帮助人工智能在其训练数据中调用特定的统计模式。

A weak prompt with no guidance will generate less helpful results. If all you type is “What should I eat this week?” the chatbot will come up with a generic list of meals for a balanced diet, such as turkey stir fry with a side of colorful veggies for dinner (which, to me, sounds very “meh”).

缺乏引导的弱提示返回的结果不太有帮助。如果你只是输入“这周我应该吃什么？”聊天机器人会列出一份泛泛的均衡膳食清单，例如晚餐吃炒火鸡，配五颜六色的蔬菜（对我来说，这听起来很鸡肋）。

“Tell me what else you need to do this.” To get results that are more personalized — for example, health advice for your specific body type or medical conditions — invite the bot to request more information.

“告诉我你还需要什么信息。”要获得更加个性化的结果——例如，针对你的具体体型或身体状况的健康建议——你可以邀请机器人来问你更多信息。

In the personal trainer example, a prompt could be: “Act as if you are my personal trainer. Create a weekly workout regimen and meal plan for me. Tell me what else you need to do this.” The bot might then ask you for your age, height, weight, dietary restrictions and health goals to tailor a weeklong meal plan and fitness routine for you.

在私人教练的例子中，提示可以是：“假装你是我的私人教练。为我制定每周锻炼方案和膳食计划。告诉我你还需要什么信息。”然后，机器人可能会询问你的年龄、身高、体重、忌口和健康目标，为你量身定制为期一周的膳食计划和健身计划。

If you don’t get good answers on your first try, don’t give up right away. Better yet, in the words of Ethan Mollick, a professor at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, treat the bot as if it were a human intern: “When it makes a mistake, point that out and ask for it to do better.” Be forgiving and patient, and you’re likely to get better results.

如果你在第一次尝试时没有得到好的回答，不要马上放弃。更好的做法是——用宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院教授伊桑•莫里克的话说——对待机器人就像对待一个人类实习生那样：“当它犯错时，指出错误并要求它做得更好。”对它宽容有耐心，你可能会得到更好的结果。